Which of the following is a common adverse effect of second-generation antipsychotics?

• A. Hair loss
• B. Weight gain
• C. Diabetes
• D. Hypertension

Answer: (B)

Second-generation antipsychotics frequently cause metabolic side effects, and weight gain is the most common of them. This happens because these drugs block certain receptors, especially histamine H1 and serotonin 5-HT2C, which increases appetite and can lower energy expenditure. Olanzapine and clozapine are notably associated with substantial weight gain. The extra weight often leads to insulin resistance and lipid changes, raising the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and contributing to hypertension as part of metabolic syndrome. Hair loss isn’t a typical effect, while diabetes or hypertension can occur but are less common than weight gain. That’s why weight gain is the best answer here.